Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
Volume 26, Issue 1 , Pages 2-6 , February 2009

Preventing errors in patient management: the emergency department clinician and the toxicology laboratory

  • Michele Zell Kanter, PharmD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests and correspondence: Michele Zell Kanter, PharmD, TOXIKON Consortium, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook County Hospital, 1900 West Polk Street, Suite 1004, Chicago, IL 60612

References 

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  2. Nordt SP, Cantrell CL. Elevated lithium level: a case and brief overview of lithium poisoning. Psychosom Med. 1999;61:564–565
  3. Mason GD, Winter ME. Appropriateness of sampling times for therapeutic drug monitoring. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1984;41:1796–1801
  4. Schoenenberger RA, Tanasijevic MJ, Jha A, et al. Appropriateness of antiepileptic drug level monitoring. J Am Med Assoc. 1995;274:1622–1626
  5. Durback LF, Scharman EJ, Brown BS. Emergency physicians perceptions of drug screens at their own hospitals. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1998;40:234–237
  6. Shaw LM. The Clinical Toxicology Laboratory Contemporary Practice of Poisoning Evaluation. Washington DC: AACC Press; 2001;
  7. Montague RE, Grace RF, Lewis JH, et al. Urine drug screens in overdose patients do not contribute to immediate clinical management. Ther Drug Monit. 2001;23:47–50
  8. Charlton NP, Lawrence DT, Wallace KL. Falsely elevated salicylate levels. J Med Toxicol. 2008;4:310–311
  9. Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, et al. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006;
  10. Package Insert ARUP Laboratories. Arsenic fractionation: identification and toxicological stratification of arsenic exposure. November 2007;
  11. Schier J, Diaz JE. Avoid unfavorable consequences: dextromethorphan can bring about a false-positive phencyclidine urine drug screen. J Emerg Med. 2000;18:379–383
  12. Levine BS, Smith ML. Effect of diphenhydramine on immunoassays of phencyclidine in urine. Clin Chem. 1990;36:1258
  13. Garg U, Frazee CC, Kiscoan M, et al. A fatality involving 1,3-propanediol and its implications in measurement of other glycols. J Analyt Toxicol. 2008;32:324–326
  14. Belson MG, Simon HK, Sullivan K, et al. The utility of toxicologic analysis in children with suspected ingestions. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1999;15:383–387
  15. Pohjola-Sintonen S, Kivisto KT, Vuori E, et al. Identification of drugs ingested in acute poisoning: correlation of patient history with drug analyses. Ther Drug Monit. 2000;22:749–752
  16. Wu AH, McKay C, Broussard LA, et al. National Academy of clinical Biochemistry laboratory medicine practice guidelines: recommendations for the use of laboratory tests to support poisoned patients who present to the emergency department. Clin Chem. 2003;49:357–379

PII: S0740-2570(08)00117-2

doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2008.12.006

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
Volume 26, Issue 1 , Pages 2-6 , February 2009

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