« Previous
Next »
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
Volume 26, Issue 1
, Pages 10-17
, February 2009
Cocaine: history, social implications, and toxicity: a review
References
- . Cocaine's use in ophthalmology: our 100 year heritage. Surv Ophthalmol. 1985;29:300–307
- . Cocaine: history, epidemiology, human pharmacology and treatment (A perspective on a new debut for an old girl). Clin Toxicol. 1975;8:149–178
- . Ancient trephinations in neolithic people: evidence for Stone Age neurosurgery? (Nature Precedings: hdl: 10101/npre. 2008.1615.1). Posted 21 Feb 2008;
- . Joyfull Newes out of the Newe Founde Worlde. New York, NY: Alfred Knopf; 1925;
- May CD: How Coca-Cola obtains its coca. The New York Times, July 1, 1998. Accessed December 4, 2007
- Benson D: Coca kick in drinks spurs export fears. The Washington Times, April 20, 2004. Accessed April 16, 2004. The legal importation of coca leaf. Accessed February 11, 2007
- The Consumers Union Report on Licit and Illicit Drugs by Edward M. Brecher and the Editors of Consumer Reports Magazine, 1972. Public Law No. 223, 63rd Cong., approved December 17, 1914
- . Cocaethylene: pharmacologic activity and clinical significance. Ther Drug Monit. 1993;15:533–536
- Cocaethylene: pharmacology, physiology and behavioral effects in humans. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1995;274:215–223
- . Cocaine: pathophysiology and clinical toxicology. Heart Lung. 1997;26:466–483
- . Clinical toxicity of cocaine adulterants. Ann Emerg Med. 1988;17:1243–1247
- . Benzocaine-adulterated street cocaine in association with methemoglobinemia. Clin Chem. 1992;38:596–597
- Acute confusion and blindness from quinine toxicity. Eur J Emerg Med. 2003;10:353–356
- Case report: survival after deliberate strychnine self-poisoning, with toxicokinetic data. Crit Care. 2002;6:456–459
- . Unusual strychnine poisoning and its treatment: report of eight cases. Br Med J. 1982;285:478
- . Confirmation of cocaine use during pregnancy: a critical review. Ther Drug Monit. 2001;23:347–353
- . Cocaine abuse. Ann Intern Med. 1993;119:226–235
- Prolonged presence of metabolite in urine after compulsive cocaine use. J Clin Psychiatry. 1990;51:145–148
- . Protracted elimination of cocaine metabolites in long-term, high-dose cocaine abusers. Am J Med. 1988;85:879–880
- . Little cross-reactivity of local anesthetics with Abuscreen (EMIT d.a.u., and TDX immunoassays for cocaine metabolite (letter)). Clin Chem. 1987;33:747
- Coca tea consumption causes positive urine cocaine assay. Eur J Emerg Med. 2006;13:340–341
- . Adulterants causing false negatives in illicit drug testing. Clin Chem. 1988;34:2233–2236
- Criteria for the interpretation of cocaine levels in human biological samples and their relation to the cause of death. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2004;25:1–10
- . Introduction to the forensic pathology of cocaine. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1991;12:126–131
- Correlation of the incidence of cocaine and cocaethylene in hair and postmortem biologic samples. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2000;21:166–171
- Hair analysis of cocaine: differentiation between systemic exposure and external contamination. J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;32:671–675
- . Toxicity, cocaine. http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic 400.htmAccessed June 1, 2008
- . Local anesthetics. In: Brunton LJ, Parker KL, Buxton I, et al. editor. Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. (ed 11). New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2006;
- . Cocaine and the critical care challenge. Crit Care Med. 2003;31:1851–1859
- . Cardiovascular disorders associated with cocaine use: myths and truths. Pharmacol Ther. 2003;97:181–222
- . Cocaine. In: Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, et al. editor. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. (ed 8). New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2006;p. 1133–1146
- . Neurochemical and pharmacological aspects of cocaine-induced seizures. Pol J Pharmacol. 2001;53:57–60
- . Antidepressant drugs appear to enhance cocaine-induced toxicity. Exp Clin Psychpharmacol. 2000;8:133–141
- . Cocaine concentration-effect relationship in the presence and absence of lidocaine: evidence of competitive binding between cocaine and lidocaine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996;276:568–577
- . Management of cocaine-associated chest pain and myocardial infarction: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association acute cardiac care committee of the council on clinical cardiology. Circulation. 2008;117:1897–1907
- . Cocaine: cardiovascular effects in relation to inhibition of peripheral neuronal monoamine uptake and central stimulation of the sympathoadrenal system. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993;267:153–162
- Cocaine disposition in humans after intravenous injection, nasal insufflation (snorting), or smoking. Drug Metab Dispos. 1989;17:153–159
- Klasco RK (ed): Cocaine. POISINDEX® System. Greenwood Village, CO, Thomson Healthcare (edition expires 9/2008)
- . Cocaine. In: Poisoning and Toxicology Handbook. (ed 4). Informa Health Care: CRC Press; 2008;p. 13
- . Cocaine. In: Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man. (ed 6). Foster City, CA: Biomedical Publications; 2002;p. 247–253
- . Cocaine. In: Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, et al. editor. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. (ed 8). New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2006;p. 1133–1146
- . Toxicokinetics of drugs of abuse: current knowledge of the isoenzymes involved in the human metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, heroin, morphine, and codeine. Drug Monit. 2006;28:447–453
- Major and minor metabolites of cocaine in human plasma following controlled subcutaneous cocaine administration. J Anal Toxicol. 2006;30:501–511
- Cocaine and metabolites urinary excretion after controlled smoked administration. J Anal Toxicol. 2007;21:462–468
- . Cocaine metabolism and urinary excretion after different routes of administration. Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology. 1998;20:556–560
- . Effect of repeated cocaine administration on detection times in oral fluid and urine. J Anal Toxicol. 2006;30:458–462
This article contains text, figures, and a table adapted with permission from: Goldstein RA, DesLauriers C, Burda A: Cocaine: history, social implication, and toxicity—a review. Dis Mon 55:6-38, 2009.
PII: S0740-2570(08)00112-3
doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2008.12.001
© 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
Volume 26, Issue 1
, Pages 10-17
, February 2009
